Direct to Indirect speech

*Let's see how tenses change from Direct to Indirect speech:*

Rules - Direct Speech to Indirect Speech

Simple Present Changes To Simple Past
E.g. "I always drink coffee", she said - She said that she always drank coffee.

Present Continuous Changes To Past Continuous
E.g. "I am reading a book", he explained. - He explained that he was reading a book.

Present Perfect Changes To Past Perfect
E.g. She said, "He has finished his work" - She said that he had finished his work.

Present Perfect Continuous Changes To Past Perfect Continuous
E.g. "I have been to Spain", he told me. - He told me that he had been to Spain.

Simple Past Changes To Past Perfect
E.g. "Bill arrived on Saturday", he said. - He said that Bill had arrived on Saturday

Past Perfect Changes To Past Perfect (No Change In Tense)
E.g. "I had just turned out the light," he explained. - He explained that he had just turned out the light.

Past Continuous Changes To Past Perfect Continuous
E.g. "We were living in Paris", they told me. - They told me that they had been living in Paris.

Future Changes To Present Conditional
E.g. "I will be in Geneva on Monday", he said - He said that he would be in Geneva on Monday.

Future Continuous Changes To Conditional Continuous
E.g. She said, "I'll be using the car next Friday." - She said that she would be using the car next Friday.

Direct - Indirect:(ഡിറക്ട് - ഇന്‍ഡിറക്ട് )

1. Will - Would

2. Can - Could

3. Must - Had to

4. Am/Are/Is going to - Was/Were going to

5. Mustn't - Mustn't

6. Could - Could

7. Would - Would

8. Should - Should

9. Might - Might

10. Today - That day

11. Tomorrow - The next day

12. Next day - The following day

13. Now - Then

14. Yesterday - The day before

15. Last week - The week before